Spain to identify victims in Franco’s mausoleum

MADRID — Spain will seek to identify tens of thousands of Spanish Civil War victims who are believed to be buried in a vast mausoleum that also holds the remains of dictator Gen. Francisco Franco.

Historians say up to 60,000 people may be buried in the Valley of the Fallen mausoleum outside Madrid along with Franco, who triggered the war with an uprising against an elected, leftist Republican government.

The official estimate for the number of bodies in the mausoleum is 30,000, and some were identified at the time of burial as Franco supporters. But the majority of the bodies are believed to be those of Republican supporters.

Parliament on Wednesday approved a proposal for the government to try to account for all the bodies within six months, and to help in exhuming them if relatives wish.

The initiative stems from a 2007 law in which Parliament formally denounced the Franco regime, paid symbolic amends to war victims and said the government should help with exhumations of mass graves.

The Valley of the Fallen mausoleum is carved into a mountainside some 50 kilometers (30 miles) northwest of Madrid and features a 150-meter tall (500-foot) granite cross. It is a popular tourist site, although for many Spaniards it is a divisive reminder of the Franco era.

Franco supporters flock to the monument each year on Nov. 20 to commemorate the dictator, who died on that date in 1975 after nearly four decades of dictatorship.

His body was interred in the mausoleum, which he built over 20 years from 1940 as a symbol of his victory. It was inaugurated with a basilica run by Benedictine monks, though it recently said it would no longer hold an annual Mass on the anniversary of Franco’s death.

More than 500,000 people died in the civil war and ensuing hardship, with tens of thousands buried in unmarked graves around Spain.

Many bodies, however, were dug up and placed in the mausoleum without the consent or knowledge of their families.

The 2007 legislation was passed after relatives launched a nationwide movement in the 1990s for proper burials for the victims.