Recent Pakistani offensives against militants

— April 2009: The military launches an offensive to clear as many as 5,000 militants from the Swat Valley after the Taliban — who controlled the area — began spilling into a neighboring district just 60 miles (100 kilometers) from Islamabad. After three months of fighting, the military said it had largely cleared the valley and killed more than 1,700 insurgents.

— August 2008: The army begins operations against militants in the semiautonomous Bajur tribal area along the Afghan border. The battle eventually spills into the neighboring Mohmand region. After six months of fighting, the military declared success and said the fighting killed 1,600 militants and 150 civilians. The military figures were impossible to verify.

— July 2007: The army pushes into the Waziristan tribal region along the Afghan border, sparking 50 suicide bombings in retaliation. The offensive is the final of three government operations against militants in Waziristan since 2001. It ends in 2008 with a peace deal with the militants, as the other battles did.